Module 6: Forest-based and Other Major Industries
Concept
Subtopic 6.1: Wood, Paper and Pulp
- Bihar has three forest-based industries: wood, paper & pulp, and lac.
- Saw mills and plywood units use forest wood; wood factories are near the Nepal border at Narkatiaganj, Jogbani, Gopalganj, W. Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Patna, Bhagalpur and Katihar.
- Paper and pulp use bamboo, sabai grass and soft wood. Famous mills: Thakur Paper Mills (Samastipur) and Ashok Paper Mill (Darbhanga); they use bagasse from sugar mills and paddy husk.
- The largest pulp unit, based on bagasse, sabai grass and bamboo, is at Dalmianagar; its Rohtas paper industry makes fine paper, tissue, printing paper, ticket board, simplex board and pulp board.
- Thakur Paper Mills is at Samastipur; Ashok Paper Mill is at Darbhanga.
- Dalmianagar's Rohtas paper industry is the largest.
- They use bagasse from sugar mills and local paddy husk.
- Wood, paper & pulp, and lac are the three forest-based industries.
- Question: Thakur Paper Mills is located in which district? Answer: Samastipur.
- Question: Where is the largest pulp-producing industry based on bagasse, sabai grass and bamboo? Answer: Dalmianagar.
- Question: What raw materials do Bihar's paper mills use, besides forest products? Answer: Sugarcane bagasse and paddy husk.
- Question: What are the three forest-based industries of Bihar? Answer: Wood, paper & pulp, lac.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: Thakur Paper Mills is located in which district?
Question 2: Where is the largest pulp-producing industry based on bagasse, sabai grass and bamboo?
Question 3: What raw materials do Bihar's paper mills use, besides forest products?
Question 4: What are the three forest-based industries of Bihar?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
Thakur Paper Mills is located in which district?
Samastipur.Where is the largest pulp-producing industry based on bagasse, sabai grass and bamboo?
Dalmianagar.What raw materials do Bihar's paper mills use, besides forest products?
Sugarcane bagasse and paddy husk.What are the three forest-based industries of Bihar?
Wood, paper & pulp, lac.Concept
Subtopic 6.2: Lac, Rubber and Plywood
- Lac is a sticky substance from insects on special trees, mainly palash, ber and kusum; it hardens into lac. The industry has grown in Gaya and Purnia.
- The Alka Rubber factory was set up in 1971 at Jamira, 3 km from Ara, at a cost of ₹10 lakh; production began in 1972, making 100 cycle and rickshaw tyres a day.
- Small tyre units are also at Patna, Gaya and Muzaffarpur.
- A large share of India's plywood is made in Bihar; the Hajipur plywood factory is famous across India.
- It is at Jamira, 3 km from Ara (set up 1971, production from 1972).
- It makes 100 cycle and rickshaw tyres a day.
- Lac comes from insects on palash, ber and kusum trees.
- The Hajipur plywood factory is famous across India.
- Question: Where is the Alka Rubber factory located? Answer: Jamira (near Ara).
- Question: How many tyres does the Alka Rubber factory make per day? Answer: 100.
- Question: Lac is obtained from insects on which trees? Answer: Palash, ber, kusum.
- Question: Which plywood factory in Bihar is famous across India? Answer: Hajipur.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: Where is the Alka Rubber factory located?
Question 2: How many tyres does the Alka Rubber factory make per day?
Question 3: Lac is obtained from insects on which trees?
Question 4: Which plywood factory in Bihar is famous across India?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
Where is the Alka Rubber factory located?
Jamira (near Ara).How many tyres does the Alka Rubber factory make per day?
100.Lac is obtained from insects on which trees?
Palash, ber, kusum.Which plywood factory in Bihar is famous across India?
Hajipur.Concept
Subtopic 6.3: Glass, Fertiliser, Chemicals and Engineering
- Current position (2024): the old Barauni fertiliser unit has been revived as the gas-based HURL Barauni urea plant (₹9,512 crore): production began on 18 October 2022, it has a capacity of 12.7 lakh t of urea a year, and it was dedicated to the nation on 2 March 2024.
- Glass bangles were worn in Bihar even in the Vedic period. Raw materials include sand silica, soda ash, limestone, sodium sulphate, potassium carbonate, saltpetre, borax, boric acid and barium oxide.
- Raw material is found at Mangal Ghat and Patthar Ghat in the Rajmahal hills (now Jharkhand). Glass factories are at Barauni, Bhawani Nagar, Patna and Hajipur.
- A fertiliser plant at Barauni, based on naphtha from the refinery, produces 1,52,000 t of nitrogen a year; half the ammonia becomes urea, the rest is used for nitro-phosphate (rock phosphate treated with nitric acid).
- The Rohtas Industries chemical plant (Dalmianagar) makes caustic soda, liquid chlorine, chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, hydrochloric acid, bleaching powder, barium salts and sodium sulphite.
- The engineering industry began at Muzaffarpur with the Arthur Butler Company; today the Bharat Wagon railway wagon plant is there.
- Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Ltd (HURL); 12.7 lakh t urea/yr.
- It produces 1,52,000 t of nitrogen a year from refinery naphtha.
- It began with the Arthur Butler Company at Muzaffarpur.
- Glass factories are at Barauni, Bhawani Nagar, Patna and Hajipur.
- It is based on naphtha from the Barauni refinery.
- It is found in the Rajmahal hills (now in Jharkhand).
- Question: The revived Barauni urea plant is run by: Answer: HURL.
- Question: How much nitrogen does the Barauni fertiliser plant produce per year? Answer: 1,52,000 t.
- Question: With which company did the engineering industry in Bihar begin? Answer: Arthur Butler Company, Muzaffarpur.
- Question: Where are glass factories located in Bihar? Answer: Barauni, Bhawani Nagar, Patna, Hajipur.
- Question: On what raw material is the Barauni fertiliser plant based? Answer: Naphtha from the Barauni refinery.
- Question: Raw material for glass is found at Mangal Ghat and Patthar Ghat in which hills? Answer: Rajmahal hills.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: The revived Barauni urea plant is run by:
Question 2: How much nitrogen does the Barauni fertiliser plant produce per year?
Question 3: With which company did the engineering industry in Bihar begin?
Question 4: Where are glass factories located in Bihar?
Question 5: On what raw material is the Barauni fertiliser plant based?
Question 6: Raw material for glass is found at Mangal Ghat and Patthar Ghat in which hills?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
The revived Barauni urea plant is run by:
HURL.How much nitrogen does the Barauni fertiliser plant produce per year?
1,52,000 t.With which company did the engineering industry in Bihar begin?
Arthur Butler Company, Muzaffarpur.Where are glass factories located in Bihar?
Barauni, Bhawani Nagar, Patna, Hajipur.On what raw material is the Barauni fertiliser plant based?
Naphtha from the Barauni refinery.Raw material for glass is found at Mangal Ghat and Patthar Ghat in which hills?
Rajmahal hills.