Module 5: Fruits, Vegetables, Makhana and Litchi
Concept
Subtopic 5.1: Fruits and Vegetables: Overview
- Besides the main crops, Bihar grows potato, onion, chilli, mesta and many fruits and vegetables.
- In 2011-12, fruits covered 298 thousand ha and vegetables 853 thousand ha.
- Fruit output in 2011-12 was 3932.7 thousand tonnes. Litchi, makhana and singhara are also grown widely.
- Vegetables covered 853 thousand ha and fruits 298 thousand ha in 2011-12.
- Fruit production was 3932.7 thousand tonnes in 2011-12.
- Fruits were grown on 298 thousand hectares.
- Question: In 2011-12, how much area was under vegetables in Bihar? Answer: 853 thousand ha.
- Question: What was Bihar's fruit production in 2011-12? Answer: 3932.7 thousand t.
- Question: How much area was under fruits in 2011-12? Answer: 298 thousand ha.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: In 2011-12, how much area was under vegetables in Bihar?
Question 2: What was Bihar's fruit production in 2011-12?
Question 3: How much area was under fruits in 2011-12?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
In 2011-12, how much area was under vegetables in Bihar?
853 thousand ha.What was Bihar's fruit production in 2011-12?
3932.7 thousand t.How much area was under fruits in 2011-12?
298 thousand ha.Concept
Subtopic 5.2: Potato and Mesta
- Potato is grown in every district, but Patna leads in potato production; Nalanda, Gaya, Purnia, Muzaffarpur, Saran, Shahabad, Darbhanga and Champaran also grow it widely.
- Mesta grows mostly in the plains and needs high temperature, heavy rainfall and fertile land.
- Mesta districts: Purnia, Saharsa, Champaran, Saran, Patna, Munger, Bhagalpur, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga and Gaya.
- Potato is grown in every district, but Patna leads.
- Mesta needs high temperature, heavy rainfall and fertile land; it is grown mostly in the plains.
- Question: Which district leads in potato production in Bihar? Answer: Patna.
- Question: What conditions does mesta need? Answer: High temperature, heavy rain and fertile land.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: Which district leads in potato production in Bihar?
Question 2: What conditions does mesta need?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
Which district leads in potato production in Bihar?
Patna.What conditions does mesta need?
High temperature, heavy rain and fertile land.Concept
Subtopic 5.3: Makhana, Litchi and Other Fruits
- Current position (2025-26): Bihar grows about 90% of India's makhana, mainly in Darbhanga, Madhubani, Purnia, Katihar, Saharsa, Supaul, Araria, Kishanganj and Sitamarhi. The National Makhana Board was constituted on 14 September 2025 and launched by the PM at Purnia on 15 September 2025 (announced in the Union Budget 2025-26). Mithila Makhana has a GI tag.
- Litchi: Bihar produces about 43% of India's litchi (ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur); Muzaffarpur is the largest producing district, and Shahi Litchi has a GI tag.
- Bihar is the leading makhana state of India. Main districts: Darbhanga, Saharsa, Samastipur, Araria, Kishanganj, Katihar, Purnia, Madhubani and Supaul.
- Annual makhana production is 96 thousand tonnes (Economic Survey 2012-13).
- In 2011-12 litchi was grown on 31.10 thousand ha, producing 236.43 thousand tonnes.
- Litchi is made into jam, jelly and juice; Muzaffarpur is its main centre.
- Banana, guava, mango, papaya, pineapple, amla, lemon and chiku (sapota) are also grown widely.
- Purnia (constituted 14 Sep 2025, launched 15 Sep 2025).
- About 90%.
- About 43% (ICAR-NRC on Litchi).
- Annual makhana production is 96 thousand tonnes.
- Muzaffarpur is the main litchi centre; jam, jelly and juice are made from litchi.
- 236.43 thousand tonnes of litchi came from 31.10 thousand hectares.
- Makhana districts are all in north-east Bihar (Darbhanga, Saharsa, Samastipur, Araria, Kishanganj, Katihar, Purnia, Madhubani, Supaul); Rohtas is not among them.
- Question: Where was the National Makhana Board launched in September 2025? Answer: Purnia.
- Question: Bihar's share in India's makhana production is about: Answer: 90%.
- Question: Bihar's share in India's litchi production is about: Answer: 43%.
- Question: What is Bihar's annual makhana production (Economic Survey 2012-13)? Answer: 96 thousand t.
- Question: Which district is the main centre of litchi in Bihar? Answer: Muzaffarpur.
- Question: How much litchi was produced in Bihar in 2011-12? Answer: 236.43 thousand t.
- Question: Which of these districts is NOT listed among the makhana producers? Answer: Rohtas.
MCQs
Answer this question, then use Next.
Question 1: Where was the National Makhana Board launched in September 2025?
Question 2: Bihar's share in India's makhana production is about:
Question 3: Bihar's share in India's litchi production is about:
Question 4: What is Bihar's annual makhana production (Economic Survey 2012-13)?
Question 5: Which district is the main centre of litchi in Bihar?
Question 6: How much litchi was produced in Bihar in 2011-12?
Question 7: Which of these districts is NOT listed among the makhana producers?
One-liners
Write your answer, then submit to see the correct answer.
Where was the National Makhana Board launched in September 2025?
Purnia.Bihar's share in India's makhana production is about:
90%.Bihar's share in India's litchi production is about:
43%.What is Bihar's annual makhana production (Economic Survey 2012-13)?
96 thousand t.Which district is the main centre of litchi in Bihar?
Muzaffarpur.How much litchi was produced in Bihar in 2011-12?
236.43 thousand t.Which of these districts is NOT listed among the makhana producers?
Rohtas.